The normal ECG
Correct patient and date
Scan for lead misplacement
Beware if
*aVr is positive or
*A bipolar lead has a much lower amplitude than other limb leads
Normal rhythm and rate
*Sinus rhythm between 60-100 bpm
Normal axis
*QRS axis between -30 to +90
*T axis similar to QRS axis
QRS axis
Normal P waves
*present
*not too tall ( < 2.5mm in II, <1.5mm in V1)
*not too wide ( < 3mm and less than 1mm between bumps)
*not abnormally inverted (should be upright in inferior leads)
Normal PR interval
*between 0.12-0.20 seconds
Normal QRS
*not too wide (<0.12s)
*not too big (chest leads: maximum R <25mm, maximum S <27mm, maximum R+S <35; limb leads R in aVl <14mm )
*not too small (at least one QRS should exceed 8mm)
*no pathological Qs (Q should be less than 0.04s wide and less than 25% of the following R)
Dominant R in V1
Normal QT interval
QTC = 0.35-0.43 (QTC=QT/sqr root of RR) (RR=rate/60)
Rule of thumb: QT should be less than 50% of RR...this is true for rates of 60-95 bpm
Normal ST
*not depressed >0.5mm
*elevation <1mm in limb leads, <2mm chest leads
*gently upsloping
Normal T
*upright in V3-V6
*can be inverted in V1 if not previously upright
*can be inverted in V2, if V1 is also inverted and if V2 was not previously upright
*T axis in limb leads within 45 of QRS axis
*T amplitude between 1/8 and 2/3 of QRS
Normal U
*<1/3 of T wave
*same direction as T wave
Previous recordings
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